Examination of the nutritional and lifestyle characteristics of primary school (lower grade) children

Abstract

The new National Curriculum abolished Environmental Studies in first and second grades from 2020 onwards. However, it is important that health education become part of educational work. The aim of our survey is to show that children whose parents exercise regularly have better health indicators and body mass index (BMI) than others. Between 2021 and 2023 we surveyed parents of third-grade pupils, using a questionnaire to assess the nutritional status and eating habits of the children, the demographic characteristic of parents, and their relevant habits. We wanted to find out how all these factors affected the nutritional status of the children, their health and the habits of physical activity they would later develop. Our study mainly examines trends and is not suitable for precise nutrient calculations. The results were also compared with those of the Second National Growth Survey (2nd NGS 2003-2006). The average height and weight of children are in line with values reported by 2nd NGS. The BMI is characterised by an increasing prevalence of overweight and obese children. Parents’ sporting habits have a significant positive effect on their child’s nutritional status. Family sporting activities have a positive effect on children’s nutritional status, affecting their health. In our survey allergy/sensitivity to food ingredients is in line with national rates. The number of meals per day and breakfast and lunch habit is optimal for the majority of respondents. Typical foods tend to be carbohydrate- and fat-rich, with little vegetable content. Fluid intake, mainly water, is close to adequate. Public education could be an excellent platform for shaping good eating habits; hitherto, this has been largely provided by environmental education.