Health-related quality of life of Hungarian children and adolescents with disabilities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31074/gyntf.2022.3.272.290Keywords:
Health-related Quality of Life (HQOL), children and adolescents with disabilities, children and adolescents with special educational needs, KIDSCREEN-27Abstract
This study presents a comparative analysis of the HRQOL (health related quality of life) of Hungarian children and adolescents with disabilities. This empirical research was carried out during the academic years of 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019. Gathered via the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire, the data provide information on the HRQOL of 2,631 children with typical development (TD) (1,411 boys and 1,220 girls, mean age 14.88±2.68 yrs) and 1,056 children with a disability (diagnosed with special educational needs – SEN) (702 boys and 354 girls, mean age 15.72±2.6 yrs). QOL was examined from various aspects. Results in the various subsamples were first compared to Hungarian reference data. Then, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to detect differences between the subsamples in the five dimensions of QOL. When comparing the QOL of Hungarian children with SEN to Hungarian reference data, we found that only children within an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) had low HRQOL in the dimension of social support and peers. The comparison of the T-values characterising the HRQOL of the subsamples showed that children with other psychological developmental disorders (OPDD), those with ASD, and children with hearing impairment (HI) experience significantly poorer HRQOL T-values in several dimensions compared to children with TD or other disabilities. The physical well-being of children with OPDD is lower than that of students with TD or a mild intellectual disability (MID). In addition, children with OPDD show significantly lower levels of QOL in the school environment dimension compared to other subsamples (children with physical disabilities /PD/, with MID, or with low vision /LV/). Students with HI or ASD showed lower rates of QOL compared to other subsamples in the dimensions of autonomy and parent relations, social support and peers, and school environment. The lower QOL found in the different dimensions will help experts plan and determine the foci of intervention.
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