Journal of East Asian Cultures

Vol. 14 No. 1 (2022)
Articles

Semantic Similarities and Differences of kong 空, ti 體, and li 理: A Case Study of the Treatise on Eighteen Kinds of Emptiness (Shiba kong lun 十八空論)

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  • Gediminas Giedraitis
Gediminas Giedraitis
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
Bio
DOI: https://doi.org/10.38144/TKT.2022.1.2

Published 2022-11-22

Keywords

  • kong 空,
  • ti 體,
  • li 理,
  • Treatise on Eighteen Kinds of Emptiness,
  • Shiba kong lun 十八空 論,
  • Paramārtha,
  • pudgala-dharma,
  • daoli 道理,
  • yong 用
    • ...More
    Less

How to Cite

Giedraitis, G. (2022). Semantic Similarities and Differences of kong 空, ti 體, and li 理: A Case Study of the Treatise on Eighteen Kinds of Emptiness (Shiba kong lun 十八空論). Journal of East Asian Cultures, 14(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.38144/TKT.2022.1.2

Copyright (c) 2022 Gediminas Giedraitis

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Abstract

This paper investigates the semantic similarities and differences between the notions of kong 空, ti 體, and li 理 in the Treatise on Eighteen Kinds of Emptiness (Shiba kong lun 十八空 論. The treatise is arguably authored by Paramārtha (Zhendi 真諦; 499–569), one of the most prominent translators and exegetes in the Chinese Buddhist tradition. This treatise is suitable for an investigation of the semantics of the above-mentioned terms, since it aims to explain Indic Buddhist concepts for a Chinese audience. This explanation is conducted by employing both Indian and Chinese concepts, such as persons-and-dharmas (Skt. *pudgala-dharma; Ch. renfa 人法) and the principle of the dao (daoli 道理). The explanation of various kinds of emptiness is presented through the Chinese hermeneutical framework of essence (ti 體) and function (yong 用) and altogether serves as a great example of how Indian Buddhist ideas were introduced into the Chinese philosophical landscape. An exegesis on the three terms conducted in the treatise provides readers with a highly nuanced and multi-layered picture of emptiness charged with both ontological and epistemological significance. In addition, the analysis on various aspects of emptiness is deeply connected to the Buddhist soteriological goal of nirvāṇa.

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References

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