Loránd Benkő and the Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Ungarischen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18349/MagyarNyelv.2022.1.44Keywords:
lexicography, lemma stock, protolanguage heritage, fictive stems, etymological backgroundAbstract
Loránd Benkő’s etymological work can be divided into two parts: on the one hand, his etymologies published in articles, studies and monographs, and on the other hand, his work in etymological dictionaries as editor-in-chief. One of the outstanding achievements of the latter is the Historical-Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian (TESz.), published in three volumes between 1967 and 1976, supplemented by the fourth, Index volume in 1984. This work was a success both in Hungarian and international professional circles, but there was a need for a more concise etymological dictionary, written in an international language. As a result, a dictionary was created with German as its metalanguage: the Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Ungarischen (EWUng.; Vols 1–2: 1993–1995. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest). This article compares TESz. and EWUng. in some important respects, referring to the novelties of the latter dictionary. These include: differences in the lemma stocks; restructuring of the entries; standardization of introductory sentences in etymological sections; a more consistent explanation of some elements of the protolanguage heritage; systematic application of the fictive stem as a morphological category in etymology; and providing a broader etymological background for the foreign elements. EWUng. is at the forefront of etymological dictionaries even by European standards, and Loránd Benkő played a key role in creating it.
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