Special Models of Internet and Content Regulation in China and Russia

Abstract

According to the so-called ‘cyber sovereignty’, every country has the right to choose how to develop and regulate the Internet. The Golden Shield system, operated by the People’s Republic of China is surrounded by a complex and ever-changing legal, technological and human background, can achieve cyber sovereignty. In the summer of 2021 Russia caught up. The question that Chinese leaders, while running the Golden Shield, and Russian leaders, while cutting down the country from the world’s internet infrastructure, are trying to find the answer to is whether the 21st century can provide a solution that can simultaneously ensure economic opening and advancement and also informational isolationism.