Results of the study of Kup-Egyes prehistoric settlement

Abstract

The prehistoric settlement Kup-Egyes is located near the city of Pápa, N-Central Transdanubia. It was located in 1974. Sándor Mithay, archaeologist, director of the Pápa Municipal Museum (later: Esterházy Károly Castle Museum) used to perform authenticating excavations on the site where he found settlement traces of the
Linearbandkeramik and the Lengyel culture. The excavated material of multiple field seasons is published in details below. The pottery is dominated by the Late Neolithic – Early Copper Age Lengyel culture ceramic, apart from which abundant quantity of LBK sherds were also found. As a new element in the occupation of the settlement, Middle/Late Copper Age finds associated with the Proto-Boleráz culture were also located. The settlement was excavated by manual methods; the excavation features – pits, ovens, house debris – could be mainly associated with the Lengyel culture. Within the finds, lithic artefacts have an outstanding role, primarily in the chipped stone industry, the procurement and processing of the dominating Upper Cretaceous Tevel flint used to represent an important element in the life of the community. Considerable quantities of animal bone were also found on the site; the exceptional specimens (aurochs, bull and dog skull) were probably related to building offerings.