A Romaellenességet Csökkentő Intervenciók Elmélete és Gyakorlata

Abstract

Background and aims: The goal of the present study was to summarize the theory and research about prejudice reduction interventions, and specifically about reducing anti-Gypsyism.
Methods: Besides summarizing the empirical research findings, we present the main characteristics of field interventions in Hungary from the last decade and assess some of them as good practices. Finally, we make some recommendations on the selection and implementation of interventions to reduce anti-Gypsyism.
Results: When it comes to interventions, it is important to consider the specific dimensions of anti-Gypsyism: the endorsement of openly expressed, traditional negative stereotypes; the denial of prejudice in the form of modern racism; and the lack of cultural recognition. Lab and field studies supported the influence of norms in the effectiveness of prejudice-reduction methods and demonstrated that some dimensions of anti-Gypsyism are especially resistant to change. We categorized interventions into three groups that aim to reduce prejudice in different ways: educative, contact-based and demonstrative interventions. These interventions can be distinguished by their underlying theoretical background, their target groups and their applied methods.
Discussion: Considering the general psychological mechanisms enabling social change, interventions need to reduce prejudice and facilitate supportive behaviour and solidarity among the majority. At the same time, it is also important to take the characteristics of the specific context into account, thus interventions need to be adapted to local conditions. Those interventions can be the most credible, where Roma people participate in the design and implementation of the intervention. They can highlight that Roma identity can be the source of the empowerment of Roma community and collective action.